XRF Principle
XRF irradiates the sample with X-rays, causing inner-shell electrons of elements in the sample to be ejected, leading to nuclear outer electron transitions. When excited electrons return to the ground state, they emit characteristic X-rays. Different elements emit unique characteristic X-rays with distinct energy or wavelength properties.
Instrument Model and Technical Parameters
- Instrument Model: Thermal X-Ray on
- Technical Parameters:
- X-ray tube target: Rhodium (Rh)
- Maximum X-ray tube voltage: 60 kV
- Maximum X-ray tube current: 150 mA
- Detectable element range: 4Be to 92U
- Detection concentration range: 10⁻⁶ to 100%
- Minimum analysis microzone: 250 μm diameter
- Maximum scanning speed: 300°/min
- Tested element range: Element 11 (Na) to Element 92 (U)
Sample Submission Requirements and Notes
- Solid powder: Uniform, dry, particle size < 100 μm (passed through 80-mesh sieve), mass ≥ 100 mg.
- Bulk, metal, and film samples: Require a flat surface, approximately 20 mm × 10 mm × 2 mm.
Testing Examples
Reference Standards
- ISO 17294-2:2003 "Water quality — Determination of selected elements by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry"
- ISO 21068-2:2008 "Chemical analysis of raw materials and refractory products containing silicon carbide — Part 2: XRF method"
- ISO 13067:2012 "Solid recovered fuels — Determination of elemental composition by XRF"
- ASTM D4294-21 "Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry"
- ASTM E1621-19 "Standard Test Method for Analysis of Metals and Alloys by X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry"
- ASTM C114-21 "Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic Cement"
- ASTM F2617-18 "Standard Test Method for XRF Analysis of Impurity Elements in Electronic-Grade Aluminum"
- GB/T 14506.28-2010 "Methods for chemical analysis of silicate rocks — Determination of major and minor elements by XRF"
- GB/T 3286.11-2014 "Methods for chemical analysis of limestone and dolomite — Comprehensive analysis by XRF"
- GB/T 20127.14-2006 "Iron, steel and alloys — Determination of 14 elements by XRF"
